M&M’s, the iconic candy-coated chocolates, have been a beloved treat for decades. While many enjoy their colorful appearance and delightful taste, few are aware of the rich history and intriguing origins behind their name. The story of M&M’s intertwines themes of innovation, collaboration, and a bit of family drama.
Origins and Name Significance
The inception of M&M’s dates back to the late 1930s. Forrest E. Mars Sr., son of Mars Company founder Frank C. Mars, found himself estranged from his father and seeking new ventures. During his travels in Europe, Mars observed soldiers consuming small chocolate pellets encased in a hard sugar shell, which prevented melting in warm climates. This observation inspired him to create a similar product that could withstand high temperatures. Recognizing the potential of this idea, Mars returned to the United States with a plan.
However, the late 1930s presented challenges, notably the impending shortages of chocolate and sugar due to World War II. To navigate these obstacles, Mars sought a partnership with Bruce Murrie, the son of Hershey Chocolate’s president, William F. R. Murrie. This collaboration was strategic; Hershey had control over a significant portion of chocolate production in the U.S. at the time. By joining forces, Mars ensured a steady supply of the necessary ingredients. The partnership led to the creation of M&M Limited, with the product’s name representing the initials of its creators: “Mars” and “Murrie.”
Early Production and Military Connection
Production of M&M’s commenced in 1941 in a factory located at 285 Badger Avenue in Newark, New Jersey. The timing coincided with the United States’ entry into World War II. The U.S. military recognized the practicality of M&M’s as a ration for soldiers: the candy’s hard shell prevented melting, making it ideal for various climates. Consequently, M&M’s were included in soldiers’ rations, significantly boosting the candy’s popularity among returning servicemen and the general public.
Post-War Expansion and Branding
Following the war, M&M’s transitioned to the civilian market. To distinguish their product from competitors, the company began imprinting a black “M” on each candy in 1950, which was later changed to white in 1954. This branding move was accompanied by the slogan, “Look for the M on every piece,” assuring consumers of the candy’s authenticity. The 1950s also saw the introduction of Peanut M&M’s, expanding the product line and appealing to a broader audience.
Color Changes and Cultural Impact
Over the years, M&M’s have undergone various changes, particularly concerning the colors of the candies. In 1976, the company discontinued red M&M’s due to public concern over Red Dye No. 2, a food coloring linked to health issues, even though M&M’s did not contain this dye. The red candies were replaced with orange ones. After a decade-long absence and continued consumer demand, red M&M’s were reintroduced in 1987, and the color lineup expanded to include both red and orange.
M&M’s have also made their mark beyond Earth. In 1981, they became the first candy to travel to space, chosen by astronauts for their convenience and resistance to melting. This milestone underscored the candy’s cultural significance and widespread appeal.
Modern-Day Recognition
Today, M&M’s are sold in over 100 countries, with various flavors and limited-edition releases catering to diverse tastes. The brand has maintained its popularity through innovative marketing campaigns and by adapting to changing consumer preferences. Despite the evolution of the product, the original concept—chocolate candies with a hard sugar shell—remains at the heart of M&M’s enduring success.
In summary, the story of M&M’s is a testament to strategic collaboration and innovative thinking. From their creation during wartime to becoming a global confectionery staple, M&M’s continue to delight consumers while carrying a rich history encapsulated in their name.
